Lookup Table Dynamic

Approximate a one-dimensional function using dynamic table

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Libraries:
Simulink / Lookup Tables

Description

How This Block Differs from Other Lookup Table Blocks

The Lookup Table Dynamic block computes an approximation of a function y = f(x) using xdat and ydat vectors. The lookup method can use interpolation, extrapolation, or the original values of the input.

Using the Lookup Table Dynamic block, you can change the table data without stopping the simulation. For example, you can incorporate new table data if the physical system you are simulating changes.

Inputs for Breakpoint and Table Data

The xdat vector is the breakpoint data, which must be strictly monotonically increasing. The value of the next element in the vector must be greater than the value of the preceding element after conversion to a fixed-point data type. Due to quantization, xdat can be strictly monotonic for a floating-point data type, but not after conversion to a fixed-point data type.

The ydat vector is the table data, which is an evaluation of the function at the breakpoint values.

Note

The inputs to xdat and ydat cannot be scalar (one-element array) values. If you provide a scalar value to either of these inputs, you see an error upon simulation. Provide a 1-by-n vector to both the xdat and ydat inputs.

Lookup Table Definition

You define the lookup table by feeding xdat and ydat as 1-by-n vectors to the block. To reduce ROM usage in the generated code for this block, you can use different data types for xdat and ydat.

Tip

Breakpoints with even spacing can make Simulink^® Coder™ generated code division-free. For more information, see fixpt_evenspace_cleanup in the Simulink documentation and Identify questionable fixed-point operations (Embedded Coder) in the Simulink Coder documentation.

How the Block Generates Output

The block uses the input values to generate output using the method you select for Lookup Method:

Lookup Method	Block Action
Interpolation-Extrapolation	Performs linear interpolation and extrapolation of the inputs. If the input matches a breakpoint, the output is the corresponding element in the table data. If the input does not match a breakpoint, the block performs linear interpolation between two elements of the table to determine the output. If the input falls outside the range of breakpoint values, the block extrapolates using the first two or last two points. Note If you select this lookup method, Simulink Coder software cannot generate code for this block.
Interpolation-Use End Values (default)	Performs linear interpolation but does not extrapolate outside the end points of the breakpoint data. Instead, the block uses the end values.
Use Input Nearest	Finds the element in xdat nearest the current input. The corresponding element in ydat is the output.
Use Input Below	Finds the element in xdat nearest and below the current input. The corresponding element in ydat is the output. If there is no element in xdat below the current input, the block finds the nearest element.
Use Input Above	Finds the element in xdat nearest and above the current input. The corresponding element in ydat is the output. If there is no element in xdat above the current input, the block finds the nearest element.

Note

The Use Input Nearest, Use Input Below, and Use Input Above methods perform the same action when the input x matches a breakpoint value.

Some continuous solvers subdivide the simulation time span into major and minor time steps. A minor time step is a subdivision of the major time step. The solver produces a result at each major time step and uses results at minor time steps to improve the accuracy of the result at the major time step. For continuous solvers, the output of the Lookup Table Dynamic block can appear like a stair step because the signal is fixed in minor time step to avoid incorrect results. For more information about the effect of solvers on block output, see Compare Solvers in the Simulink documentation.

Examples

Approximating the sinh Function Using the Lookup Table Dynamic Block

This example shows how to use the Lookup Table Dynamic block to approximate the sinh function. The breakpoint data is given by the vector [-5:5] and the table data is given by the vector sinh([-5:5]). The input x is provided by the Constant block as a 1-by-3 vector containing values that are below, within, and above the breakpoint data values.

To see how each lookup method handles input values that are below, within, and above the breakpoint data values, change the value of the Lookup Method parameter on the Lookup Table Dynamic block.

The Lookup Table Dynamic block outputs the following values when using the specified lookup methods and inputs.

Ports

Input

x — input vector

scalar | vector | 2-D array

The block accepts real-valued or complex-valued inputs.

Example: 2:12

Dependencies

The x input vector and the xdat breakpoint data must have the same sign, bias, and fractional slope. Also, the precision and range for x must be greater than or equal to the precision and range for xdat.

Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point | bus

xdat — breakpoint data

1-by-n vector of strictly monotonically increasing values

The xdat vector is the breakpoint data, which must be strictly monotonically increasing. The value of the next element in the vector must be greater than the value of the preceding element after conversion to a fixed-point data type. Due to quantization, xdat can be strictly monotonic for a floating-point data type, but not after conversion to a fixed-point data type.

Tip

Breakpoints with even spacing can make Simulink Coder generated code division-free. For more information, see fixpt_evenspace_cleanup in the Simulink documentation and Identify questionable fixed-point operations (Embedded Coder) in the Simulink Coder documentation.

Example: 1:10

Dependencies

The xdat breakpoint data and the x input vector must have the same sign, bias, and fractional slope. Also, the precision and range for x must be greater than or equal to the precision and range for xdat.

Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point | bus

ydat — table data

1-by-n vector

The ydat input is a 1-by-n vector of real-valued or complex-valued table data, which is an evaluation of the function at the breakpoint values.

Example: [0 3 12 27 48 75 108 147 192 243 300]

Dependencies

The ydat table data and the y output vector must have the same sign, bias, and fractional slope.

Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point | bus

Output

y — Approximation of y = f(x) using dynamic table data

1-by-n vector

The block computes an approximation of a function y = f(x) using the xdat and ydat input vectors. The lookup method can use interpolation, extrapolation, or the original values of the input.

Dependencies

The ydat table data and the y output vector must have the same sign, bias, and fractional slope.

Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | Boolean | fixed point

Parameters

Main Tab

Lookup Method — Specify the lookup method

Interpolation-Use End Values (default) | Interpolation-Extrapolation | Use Input Nearest | Use Input Below | Use Input Above

The block computes output by applying the Lookup Method you select to the input vectors of breakpoint data (xdat) and table data (ydat). For details, see How the Block Generates Output.

Programmatic Use

Block Parameter: LookUpMeth

Type: character vector

Values: 'Interpolation-Extrapolation' | 'Interpolation-Use End Values' | 'Use Input Nearest' | 'Use Input Below' | 'Use Input Above'

Default: 'Interpolation-Use End Values'

Signal Attributes Tab

Output data type — Output data type

double (default) | 'Inherit: Inherit via back propagation' | single | int8 | uint8 | int16 | uint16 | int32 | uint32 | int64 | uint64 | boolean | fixdt(1,16,0) | fixdt(1,16,2^0,0) | <data type expression>

Specify the data type of the output signal y.

The Data Type Assistant helps you set data attributes. To use the Data Type Assistant, click . For more information, see Specify Data Types Using Data Type Assistant.

Dependencies

The ydat table data and the y output vector must have the same sign, bias, and fractional slope.

Programmatic Use

Block Parameter: OutDataTypeStr

Type: character vector

Values: 'Inherit: Inherit via back propagation' | 'double' | 'single' | 'int8' | 'uint8' | 'int16' | 'uint16' | 'int32' | 'uint32' | 'int64' | 'uint64' | 'boolean' | 'fixdt(1,16,0)' | 'fixdt(1,16,2^0,0)' | <data type expression>

Default: 'double'

Lock output data type setting against changes by the fixed-point tools — Option to prevent fixed-point tools from overriding Output data type

off (default) | on

Select this parameter to prevent the fixed-point tools from overriding the Output data type you specify on the block. For more information, see Use Lock Output Data Type Setting (Fixed-Point Designer).

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	LockScale
Values:	'off' (default) | 'on'

Integer rounding mode — Rounding mode for fixed-point operations

Floor (default) | Ceiling | Convergent | Nearest | Round | Simplest | Zero

Specify the rounding mode for fixed-point operations. For more information, see Rounding Modes (Fixed-Point Designer).

Block parameters always round to the nearest representable value. To control the rounding of a block parameter, enter an expression using a MATLAB^® rounding function into the mask field.

Programmatic Use

To set the block parameter value programmatically, use the set_param function.

Parameter:	RndMeth
Values:	'Floor' (default) | 'Ceiling' | 'Convergent' | 'Nearest' | 'Round' | 'Simplest' | 'Zero'

Saturate to max or min when overflows occur — Method of overflow action

off (default) | on

When you select this check box, overflows saturate to the maximum or minimum value that the data type can represent. Otherwise, overflows wrap.

When you select this check box, saturation applies to every internal operation on the block, not just the output or result. In general, the code generation process can detect when overflow is not possible. In this case, the code generator does not produce saturation code.

Programmatic Use

Block Parameter: DoSatur

Type: character vector

Values: 'off' | 'on'

Default: 'off'

Block Characteristics

Data Types	Boolean | double | fixed point | integer | single
Direct Feedthrough	yes
Multidimensional Signals	yes
Variable-Size Signals	no
Zero-Crossing Detection	no

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

PLC Code Generation

Generate Structured Text code using Simulink® PLC Coder™.

The Simulink PLC Coder™ software does not support the Simulink Lookup Table Dynamic block. For your convenience, the plclib/Simulink/Lookup Tables library contains an implementation of a dynamic table lookup block using the Prelookup and Interpolation Using Prelookup blocks.

Fixed-Point Conversion
Design and simulate fixed-point systems using Fixed-Point Designer™.

Version History

Introduced before R2006a