getDelayModel

State-space representation of internal delays

Syntax

[H,tau] = getDelayModel(sys)

[A,B1,B2,C1,C2,D11,D12,D21,D22,E,tau] = getDelayModel(sys)

Description

[H,tau] = getDelayModel(sys) decomposes a state-space model, sys, with internal delays into a delay-free state-space model, H, and a vector of internal delays, tau. The relationship among sys, H, and tau is shown in the following diagram.

[A,B1,B2,C1,C2,D11,D12,D21,D22,E,tau] = getDelayModel(sys) returns the set of state-space matrices and internal delay vector that explicitly describe the state-space model sys.

Examples

Get Delay-Free State-Space Model and Internal Delay

Decompose the following closed-loop system with internal delay into a delay-free component and a component representing the internal delay.

Create the closed-loop model sys from r to y.

G = tf(1,[1 10],'InputDelay',2.1); 
C = pid(0.5,2.3);
sys = feedback(C*G,1);

sys is a state-space (ss) model with an internal delay that arises from closing the feedback loop on a plant with an input delay.

Decompose sys into a delay-free state-space model and the value of the internal delay.

[H,tau] = getDelayModel(sys);

Confirm that the internal delay matches the original input delay on the plant.

tau

tau = 
2.1000

Input Arguments

sys — State-space model

ss object | sparss object | mechss object

State-space model, specified as one of the following objects.

• ss — Numeric state-space model

• sparss — Sparse first-order state-space model

• mechss — Sparse second-order state-space model

Output Arguments

H — Delay-free state-space model

ss object | sparss object | mechss object

Delay-free state-space model, returned as a state-space object of the same type as sys). H results from decomposing sys into a delay-free component and a component exp(-tau*s) that represents all internal delays.

If sys has no internal delays, H is equal to sys.

tau — Internal delays

vector

Internal delays of sys, returned as a vector. tau is expressed in the time units of sys. tau results from decomposing sys into a delay-free state-space model H and a component exp(-tau*s) that represents all internal delays.

If sys has no internal delays, tau is empty.

A,B1,B2,C1,C2,D11,D12,D21,D22,E — State-space matrices

matrices

State-space matrices that, along with the internal delay vector tau, describe the state-space model sys according to the following equations.

• Continuous-time sys:

  $$\begin{array}{c}E\frac{dx\left(t\right)}{dt}=Ax\left(t\right)+B_{1}u\left(t\right)+B_{2}w\left(t\right)\\ y\left(t\right)=C_{1}x\left(t\right)+D_{11}u\left(t\right)+D_{12}w\left(t\right)\\ z\left(t\right)=C_{2}x\left(t\right)+D_{21}u\left(t\right)+D_{22}w\left(t\right)\\ w\left(t\right)=z\left(t-\tau \right)\end{array}$$

• Discrete-time sys:

  $$\begin{array}{c}Ex\left[k+1\right]=Ax\left[k\right]+B_{1}u\left[k\right]+B_{2}w\left[k\right]\\ y\left[k\right]=C_{1}x\left[k\right]+D_{11}u\left[k\right]+D_{12}w\left[k\right]\\ z\left[k\right]=C_{2}x\left[k\right]+D_{21}u\left[k\right]+D_{22}w\left[k\right]\\ w\left[k\right]=z\left[k-\tau \right]\end{array}$$

For explicit state-space models (E = I or sys.e = []), the output E is [].

If sys has no internal delays, the outputs B2, C2, D12, D21, and D22 are all empty ([]).

Version History

Introduced in R2006a