angle

Symbolic polar angle

Syntax

angle(Z)

angle(Z) computes the polar angle of the complex value Z.

Compute the polar angles of these complex numbers. Because these numbers are not symbolic objects, you get floating-point results.

[angle(1 + i), angle(4 + pi*i), angle(Inf + Inf*i)]

ans =
    0.7854    0.6658    0.7854

Compute the polar angles of these complex numbers which are converted to symbolic objects:

[angle(sym(1) + i), angle(sym(4) + sym(pi)*i), angle(Inf + sym(Inf)*i)]

ans =
[ pi/4, atan(pi/4), pi/4]

Compute the limits of these symbolic expressions:

syms x
limit(angle(x + x^2*i/(1 + x)), x, -Inf)
limit(angle(x + x^2*i/(1 + x)), x, Inf)

ans =
-(3*pi)/4
 
ans =
pi/4

Compute the polar angles of the elements of matrix Z:

Z = sym([sqrt(3) + 3*i, 3 + sqrt(3)*i; 1 + i, i]);
angle(Z)

ans =
[ pi/3, pi/6]
[ pi/4, pi/2]

Input, specified as a number, vector, matrix, array, or a symbolic number, variable, expression, function.

Calling angle for numbers (or vectors or matrices of numbers) that are not symbolic objects invokes the MATLAB^® angle function.
If Z = 0, then angle(Z) returns 0.

For real X and Y such that Z = X + Y*i, the call angle(Z) is equivalent to atan2(Y,X).

Introduced in R2013a