piechart
Syntax
Description
Vector Data
piechart(
creates a pie chart of the
values in the vector data
)data
. Each slice has a label indicating its size
as a percentage of the whole pie.
piechart(
creates a pie
chart of categorical values. The number of instances of a category determines the size of
the corresponding slice, and each slice label includes the category name.categoricaldata
)
Table Data
piechart(
specifies the categorical variable tbl
,categoricalvar
)categoricalvar
. The number of
instances of a category determines the size of the corresponding slice, and each slice
label contains the corresponding category name.
Additional Options
piechart(
creates the
pie chart in the specified parent container. The parent container is typically a figure,
panel, or tab. Specify parent
,___)parent
as the first argument in any of the
previous syntaxes.
piechart(___,
specifies properties of the chart using one or more name-value arguments. Specify the
name-value arguments after all other input arguments. For example, Name=Value
)piechart([1 2
3],ExplodedWedges=2)
creates a pie chart with the second slice offset.
For a list of properties, see PieChart Properties.
returns the
p
= piechart(___)PieChart
object. Use p
to set properties of the chart after creating it. For a list of properties,
see PieChart Properties.
Examples
Create Pie Chart
Create a pie chart from a vector of numbers. By default, each slice label displays a percentage value.
data = [1 2 3 4]; piechart(data)
Create Pie Chart from Categorical Data
Create a pie chart from a categorical vector. The piechart
function counts the number of instances of each category to determine the size of each slice.
Control the order of the slices by calling the reordercats
function.
flavors = categorical(["Banana Cream","Pumpkin","Pumpkin","MATLAB","Blackberry"]); flavors = reordercats(flavors,["MATLAB","Pumpkin","Banana Cream","Blackberry"]); piechart(flavors)
Create Pie Chart from Table Data
Create a table containing the names of bakers in a pie contest and the corresponding number of votes.
Bakers = ["Betty";"Abby";"Afiq";"Ravi";"Dave"]; Votes = [2; 5; 5; 2; 5]; tbl = table(Bakers,Votes)
tbl=5×2 table
Bakers Votes
_______ _____
"Betty" 2
"Abby" 5
"Afiq" 5
"Ravi" 2
"Dave" 5
Create a pie chart from the table.
piechart(tbl,"Votes","Bakers")
Reverse Rotation Direction and Shift Slices
You can specify the rotation direction and shift all the slices around the circle by setting properties. You can set properties by specifying name-value arguments when you call the piechart
function, or you can set properties of the PieChart
object later.
Create a vector called data
and use it to create a pie chart. By default, the slices appear in a clockwise direction and the left edge of the first (blue) slice is at 0
degrees (12 o'clock).
data = [1 2 3 4]; piechart(data)
Create another pie chart, but this time, set the Direction
property to "counterclockwise"
by specifying it as a name-value argument. Call the piechart
function with an output argument to store the PieChart
object.
p = piechart(data,Direction="counterclockwise");
Shift the slices by 90
degrees counterclockwise by setting the StartAngle
property of the PieChart
object to -90
.
p.StartAngle = -90;
Display Labels with Counts Instead of Percentages
You can change the slice labels from percentages to counts by setting the LabelStyle
property. The LabelStyle
property has options for displaying different combinations of slice names, data values, and percentages.
Create a pie chart from a numeric vector and a vector of names. Specify an output argument to store the PieChart
object. Then change the labels to include the data values instead of the percentages.
data = [1 2 3]; names = ["Blueberry","Pumpkin","Lemon"]; p = piechart(data,names); p.LabelStyle = "namedata";
Another option is to display just the names without any data or percentage values.
p.LabelStyle="name";
Customize Slice Names and Labels
Create a pie chart that shows the percentage of total sales for each participant in a bake sale. Call the piechart
function with an output argument to store the PieChart
object so you can change aspects of the chart later.
Bakers = ["Betty","Abby","Afiq","Ravi","Dave"]; Sales = [20 51.55 49.37 20.35 48.25]; p = piechart(Sales,Bakers);
Query the slice names of the PieChart
object.
p.Names
ans = 1x5 string
"Betty" "Abby" "Afiq" "Ravi" "Dave"
Change the slice names to the pie flavors.
p.Names = ["Blueberry","Pumpkin","Banana Cream","Blackberry","Key Lime"];
Display each label as two lines of text, with the pie flavor on the first line and the sales number on the second line. To combine the different elements for each label, start with the Names
property, and add a newline character, a dollar sign, and the Sales
vector (converted to a string).
p.Labels = p.Names + "\newline$" + string(Sales);
Change Slice Colors
You can change the colors of your pie chart by using the colororder
function. For example, create a pie chart with the default colors.
piechart([1 2 3 4])
You can choose from several named color palettes, including gem
(default), glow
, sail
, reef
, meadow
, dye
, and earth
. Change the color palette to meadow
.
colororder meadow
Change the color palette to sail
.
colororder sail
Specify Slice Order and Consolidate Smaller Slices
Since R2024b
You can consolidate the data from multiple small slices into one slice named "Others
" by setting the NumDisplayWedge
s property. You can also arrange the slices in ascending or descending order by setting the DisplayOrder
property.
For example, create a pie chart that shows the number of employees at a company by department. When you create the chart, specify an output argument to store the PieChart
object so you can modify it later.
employees = [100 10 50 30 25 10 15]; departments = ["Engineering" "Sales" "User Experience" "Documentation" "IT" "HR" "Security"]; p = piechart(employees,departments,LabelStyle="name");
Arrange the slices in descending order according to the number of employees.
p.DisplayOrder = "descend";
Display three slices and consolidate the other slices into a fourth slice named "Others"
. Because the slices were sorted in descending order by the DisplayOrder
property, setting NumDisplayWedges
to 3
displays the three largest slices.
p.NumDisplayWedges = 3;
Create Multiple Pie Charts in Figure
To create multiple charts in a figure, use a tiled chart layout.
Create a 1-by-2 tiled chart layout. Create the first chart by calling the nexttile
function followed by the piechart
function. Then add a title by calling the title
function. Repeat these steps for the second chart.
tiledlayout(1,2) nexttile piechart([1 2 3 4]) title("2022 Totals") nexttile piechart([10 3 1 5 6 4]) title("2023 Totals")
Input Arguments
data
— Slice data
numeric vector | duration vector
Slice data, specified as a vector of numeric or duration values. The size of each
slice is a percentage of the whole pie, depending on the sum of the elements of
data
:
If
sum(data)
<1
, the values ofdata
specify the areas of the pie slices, and the result is a partial pie.If
sum(data)
≥1
, MATLAB normalizes the values bydata/sum(data)
to determine the area of each slice of the pie.
Example: piechart([0.1 0.2 0.3])
creates a partial pie
chart.
Example: piechart([1 2 3 4])
creates a pie chart using values that
sum to a number greater than 1
.
Example: piechart([0.5 0.25 0.25])
creates a pie chart using
proportional values that sum to 1
.
Data Types: single
| double
| int8
| int16
| int32
| int64
| uint8
| uint16
| uint32
| uint64
| duration
names
— Slice names
string vector | cell array of character vectors | numeric vector | ...
Slice names, specified as a string vector, cell array of character vectors, or a
vector containing numeric, duration, datetime, or categorical values. The vector or cell
array must have the same number of elements as data
. The slice
names and the slice percentages are included in the slice labels.
Example: piechart([1 2 3],["Apples","Cherries","Grapes"])
specifies the names as a string vector.
Example: piechart([1 2
3],categorical(["Apples","Cherries","Grapes"]))
specifies the names as a
categorical vector.
Example: piechart([10 20 30],minutes([1 2 3]))
specifies the names
as a duration vector.
Data Types: single
| double
| int8
| int16
| int32
| int64
| uint8
| uint16
| uint32
| uint64
| duration
| datetime
| categorical
| string
| cell
categoricaldata
— Categorical slice data
categorical vector | logical vector
Categorical slice data, specified as a categorical or logical vector. The size of each slice is proportional to the number of times each value occurs in the vector. The slice names are the category names.
Example: piechart(categorical(["Apples","Cherries","Grapes","Oranges"]))
creates a pie chart with four slices of the same size.
Example: piechart(categorical(["Apples","Cherries","Cherries",
"Cherries"]))
creates a pie chart with a "Cherries"
slice
that occupies 3/4 of the pie. The "Apples"
slice occupies the
remaining 1/4 of the pie.
Data Types: categorical
| logical
tbl
— Source table
table | timetable
Source table containing the slice data, specified as a table or timetable.
datavar
— Table variable containing slice data
string scalar | character vector | pattern | numeric scalar | logical vector | vartype()
Table variable containing the slice data, specified using one of the indexing schemes from the following table. The table variable you specify can contain numeric or duration values.
Indexing Scheme | Examples |
---|---|
Variable name:
|
|
Variable index:
|
|
Variable type:
|
|
Example: piechart(tbl,"mydata")
specifies the table variable named
mydata
.
namesvar
— Table variable containing slice names
string scalar | character vector | pattern | numeric scalar | logical vector | vartype()
Table variable containing the slice names, specified using one of the indexing schemes from the following table. The table variable you specify can contain a string vector, a cell array of character vectors, or a vector of numeric, datetime, duration, or categorical values.
Indexing Scheme | Examples |
---|---|
Variable name:
|
|
Variable index:
|
|
Variable type:
|
|
Example: piechart(tbl,"mydata","mynames")
creates a pie chart
using the slice data in the variable mydata
and the slice names in
the variable mynames
.
categoricalvar
— Table variable containing categorical data
string scalar | character vector | pattern | numeric scalar | logical vector | vartype()
Table variable containing the categorical data, specified using one of the indexing schemes from the following table. The table variable you specify can contain categorical data or logical values. The number of instances of a category determines the size of the corresponding slice.
Indexing Scheme | Examples |
---|---|
Variable name:
|
|
Variable index:
|
|
Variable type:
|
|
Example: piechart(tbl,"mycats")
specifies the table variable named
mycats
.
parent
— Parent container
Figure
object | Panel
object | Tab
object | TiledChartLayout
object | GridLayout
object
Parent container, specified as a Figure
, Panel
,
Tab
, TiledChartLayout
, or GridLayout
object.
Name-Value Arguments
Specify optional pairs of arguments as
Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN
, where Name
is
the argument name and Value
is the corresponding value.
Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the
pairs does not matter.
Example: piechart([1 2 3 4],StartAngle=90)
creates a pie chart with a
starting angle of 90
degrees.
Note
The properties listed here are only a subset. For a full list, see PieChart Properties.
ExplodedWedges
— Offset slices
numeric vector | logical vector | string vector | character vector
Offset slices, specified as a numeric or logical vector for numeric data. If you create the chart using categorical data, you can specify a string vector or a character vector containing one or more category names. The orange slice in this pie chart is offset.
Example: piechart([5 7 4 6],ExplodedWedges=3)
creates a pie chart
with the third slice offset.
Example: piechart([5 7 4 6],ExplodedWedges=[1 3])
creates a pie
chart with the first and third slice offset.
Example: piechart([5 7 4 6],ExplodedWedges=[false false true false])
creates a pie chart with the third slice offset.
Example: piechart(categorical(["A" "B" "C" "D"]),ExplodedWedges="B")
creates a pie chart using categorical data with slice B
offset.
StartAngle
— Starting angle of first slice
0
(default) | number in degrees
Starting angle of the first slice, specified as a scalar value in degrees. By default,
the starting angle is 0
degrees. Positive values rotate the slices in
a clockwise direction. Negative values rotate the slices in a counterclockwise
direction.
You can envision the location of the starting angle by considering the arrangement of
numbers on a clock. A starting angle of 0
degrees corresponds to 12
o'clock, and a starting angle of 90
degrees corresponds to 3
o'clock.
Data Types: single
| double
| int8
| int16
| int32
| int64
| uint8
| uint16
| uint32
| uint64
Direction
— Direction for adding slices
"clockwise"
(default) | "counterclockwise"
Direction for adding slices, specified as "clockwise"
or "counterclockwise"
.
"clockwise"
— Add slices in a clockwise direction."counterclockwise"
— Add slices in a counterclockwise direction.
Output Arguments
p
— PieChart
object
PieChart
object
PieChart
object, which is a standalone visualization. Use
p
to set properties on the pie chart after creating it.
More About
Standalone Visualization
A standalone visualization is a chart designed for a special purpose that
works independently from other charts. Unlike other charts such as plot
and surf
, a standalone visualization has a preconfigured axes object
built into it, and some customizations are not available. A standalone visualization also
has these characteristics:
It cannot be combined with other graphics elements, such as lines, patches, or surfaces. Thus, the
hold
command is not supported.The
gca
function can return the chart object as the current axes.You can pass the chart object to many MATLAB functions that accept an axes object as an input argument. For example, you can pass the chart object to the
title
function.
Version History
Introduced in R2023bR2024b: Pie charts show undefined categorical values by default
Pie charts include undefined categorical values and show them in a slice labeled
"Others"
by default. Previously, undefined values were excluded from
the calculation of the Proportions
property, and the values were not
shown as slices in the chart. This change makes it easier to understand the nature of
categorical data in the chart.
For example, create a pie chart using a categorical array containing three undefined
values (""
). In R2024a, the chart excludes the undefined values. In
R2024b, the chart contains a slice labeled "Others"
to represent the
undefined values.
cats = categorical(["Glazed" "Jelly" "Jelly" "Jelly", ... "Sugar","Sugar","Plain","","","",]); piechart(cats,LabelStyle="name")
To exclude the "Others"
slice from the chart and exclude the
undefined values from the Proportions
calculation, set the ShowOthers
property to "off"
.
piechart(cats,LabelStyle="name",ShowOthers="off")
See Also
Functions
Properties
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