Simple Variable Mass 3DOF (Wind Axes)

Implement three-degrees-of-freedom equations of motion of simple variable mass with respect to wind axes

Library

Equations of Motion/3DOF

Description

The Simple Variable Mass 3DOF (Wind Axes) block considers the rotation in the vertical plane of a wind-fixed coordinate frame about a flat Earth reference frame.

The equations of motion are

$$\begin{array}{l}\dot{V}=\frac{F_{x_{wind}}}{m}-\frac{\dot{m}Vr{e}_{x_{wind}}}{m}-g\sin \gamma \\ A_{be}=\left[\begin{array}{c}{A}_{xe}\\ A_{ze}\end{array}\right]=DC{M}_{wb}\left[\frac{F_w-\dot{m}{V}_{re}}{m}-g\right]\\ A_{bb}=\left[\begin{array}{c}{A}_{xb}\\ A_{zb}\end{array}\right]=DC{M}_{wb}\left[\frac{F_w-\dot{m}{V}_{re}}{m}-g-{\omega }_w\times {\overline{V}}_w\right]\\ \dot{\alpha }=\frac{F_{z_{wind}}}{mV}+q+\frac{g}{V}\cos \gamma -\frac{\dot{m}Vr{e}_{z_{wind}}}{mV}\\ \dot{q}=\dot{\theta }=\frac{M_{y_{body}}-{\dot{I}}_{yy}q}{I_{yy}}\\ \dot{\gamma }=q-\dot{\alpha }\\ {\dot{I}}_{yy}=\frac{I_{yyfull}-I_{yyempty}}{m_{full}-m_{empty}}\dot{m}\end{array}$$

where the applied forces are assumed to act at the center of gravity of the body. Vre_w is the relative velocity in the wind axes at which the mass flow ($$\dot{m}$$) is ejected or added to the wind axes.

Parameters

Main

Units

Specifies the input and output units:

Units	Forces	Moment	Acceleration	Velocity	Position	Mass	Inertia
Metric (MKS)	Newton	Newton meter	Meters per second squared	Meters per second	Meters	Kilogram	Kilogram meter squared
English (Velocity in ft/s)	Pound	Foot pound	Feet per second squared	Feet per second	Feet	Slug	Slug foot squared
English (Velocity in kts)	Pound	Foot pound	Feet per second squared	Knots	Feet	Slug	Slug foot squared

Mass Type

Select the type of mass to use:

Fixed	Mass is constant throughout the simulation.
Simple Variable	Mass and inertia vary linearly as a function of mass rate.
Custom Variable	Mass and inertia variations are customizable.

The Simple Variable selection conforms to the previously described equations of motion.

Initial airspeed

A scalar value for the initial velocity of the body, (V₀).

Initial flight path angle

A scalar value for the initial flight path angle of the body, (γ₀).

Initial incidence

A scalar value for the initial angle between the velocity vector and the body, $$({\alpha }_0).$$

Initial body rotation rate

A scalar value for the initial body rotation rate, (q₀).

Initial position (x,z)

A two-element vector containing the initial location of the body in the flat Earth reference frame.

Initial mass

A scalar value for the initial mass of the body.

Inertia body axes

A scalar value for the inertia of the body.

Empty mass

A scalar value for the empty mass of the body.

Full mass

A scalar value for the full mass of the body.

Empty inertia

A scalar value for the empty inertia of the body.

Full inertia

A scalar value for the full inertia of the body.

Gravity source

Specify source of gravity:

External	Variable gravity input to block
Internal	Constant gravity specified in Acceleration due to gravity

Acceleration due to gravity

A scalar value for the acceleration due to gravity used if internal gravity source is selected. If gravity is to be neglected in the simulation, this value can be set to 0. This parameter appears if you set Gravity source to Internal.

Include mass flow relative velocity

Select this check box to add a mass flow relative velocity port. This is the relative velocity at which the mass is accreted or ablated.

Include inertial acceleration

Select this check box to enable an additional output port for the accelerations in body-fixed axes with respect to the inertial frame. You typically connect this signal to the accelerometer.

State Attributes

Assign unique name to each state. You can use state names instead of block paths during linearization.

• To assign a name to a single state, enter a unique name between quotes, for example, 'velocity'.

• To assign names to multiple states, enter a comma-delimited list surrounded by braces, for example, {'a', 'b', 'c'}. Each name must be unique.

• If a parameter is empty (' '), no name assignment occurs.

• The state names apply only to the selected block with the name parameter.

• The number of states must divide evenly among the number of state names.

• You can specify fewer names than states, but you cannot specify more names than states.

  For example, you can specify two names in a system with four states. The first name applies to the first two states and the second name to the last two states.

• To assign state names with a variable in the MATLAB^® workspace, enter the variable without quotes. A variable can be a character vector, cell array, or structure.

Velocity: e.g., 'V'

Specify velocity state name.

Default value is ''.

Incidence angle: e.g., 'alpha'

Specify incidence angle state name.

Default value is ''.

Flight path angle: e.g., 'gamma'

Specify flight path angle state name.

Default value is ''.

Body rotation rate: e.g., 'q'

Specify body rotation rates state name.

Default value is ''.

Position: e.g., {'Xe', 'Ze'}

Specify position state names.

Default value is ''.

Mass: e.g., 'mass'

Specify mass state name.

Default value is ''.

Inputs and Outputs

Input	Dimension Type	Description
First		Contains the force acting along the wind x-axis, (Fx).
Second		Contains the force acting along the wind z-axis, (Fz).
Third		Contains the applied pitch moment in body axes, (M).
Fourth		Contains one or more rates of change of mass, $$(\dot{m})$$ (positive if accreted, negative if ablated).
Fifth (Optional)		Contains the gravity in the selected units.
Sixth (Optional)	Two-element vector	Contains one or more relative velocities at which the mass is accreted to or ablated from the body in wind axes.

Output	Dimension Type	Description
First		Contains the flight path angle, within ±pi, in radians (γ).
Second		Contains the pitch angular rate, in radians per second (ωy).
Third		Contains the pitch angular acceleration, in radians per second squared (dωy/dt).
Fourth	Two-element vector	Contains the location of the body, in the flat Earth reference frame, (Xe, Ze).
Fifth	Two-element vector	Contains the velocity of the body resolved into the wind-fixed coordinate frame, (V, 0).
Sixth	Two-element vector	Contains the acceleration of the body resolved into the body-fixed coordinate frame, (Ax, Az).
Seventh	Scalar	Contain the angle of attack, $$({\alpha }_0).$$
Eight	Scalar element	Contains a flag for fuel tank status, (Fuel): 1 indicates that the tank is full. 0 indicates that the integral is neither full nor empty. -1 indicates that the tank is empty.
Ninth (Optional)	Two-element vector	Contains the accelerations in body-fixed axes with respect to inertial frame (flat Earth). You typically connect this signal to the accelerometer.

Reference

Stevens, B. L., and F. L. Lewis, Aircraft Control and Simulation, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1992.