How to do subtraction operation with columns that are not the same size?

I need to know how to perform logical operations such as subtraction and addition between columns that do not have the same size.

For example, I have a column that will always have 60 rows.

However, the second column will change every time I try (49, 54 or 58).

How to perform this operation between these columns in matlab?

[Steven Lord]

By the standard definition of addition and subtraction, you cannot.

What would you expect, for example, the result of subtracting [1; 2; 3] from the vector [4; 5; 6; 7; 8] to be and why? To put it another way, what should x be in the code below?

x = yourSubtraction([4; 5; 6; 7; 8], [1; 2; 3])