why my code is not converging... 57 bus load flow

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Ghulam Mohyuddin
Ghulam Mohyuddin 2015 年 3 月 26 日
コメント済み: SURAJ KUMAR 2023 年 6 月 11 日
clear
basemva = 100; accuracy = 0.001; maxiter = 200;
% IEEE 57-BUS TEST SYSTEM (American Electric Power)
% Bus Bus Voltage Angle ---Load---- -------Generator----- Injected
% No code Mag. Degree MW Mvar MW Mvar Qmin Qmax Mvar
busdata=[1 1 1.04 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0
2 2 1.010 0.0 0 -0.8 3.00 88 50 -17 0
3 2 0.985 0.0 40 -1 41 21 60 -10 0
4 0 1.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0
5 0 1.0 0.0 0 0.0 13 4 0 0 0
6 2 0.98 0.0 0 0.8 75 2 25 -8 0
7 0 1.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0
8 2 1.005 0.0 450 62.1 150 22 200 -140 0
9 2 0.98 0.0 0 2.2 121 26 9 -3 0
10 0 1.0 0.0 0 0.0 5.0 2 0 0 0
11 0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0
12 2 1.015 0 310 128.5 377 24 155 -150 0
13 0 1.0 0 0 0 18 2.3 0 0 0
14 0 1 0 0 0 10.5 5.3 0 0 0
15 0 1 0 0 0 22 5 0 0 0
16 0 1 0 0 0 43 3 0 0 0
17 0 1 0 0 0 42 8 0 0 0
18 0 1 0 0 0 27.2 9.8 0 0 0
19 0 1 0 0 0 3.3 0.6 0 0 0
20 0 1 0 0 0 2.3 1 0 0 0
21 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
22 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
23 0 1 0 0 0 6.3 2.1 0 0 0
24 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
25 0 1 0 0 0 6.3 3.2 0 0 0
26 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
27 0 1 0 0 0 9.3 0.5 0 0 0
28 0 1 0 0 0 4.6 2.3 0 0 0
29 0 1 0 0 0 17 2.6 0 0 0
30 0 1 0 0 0 3.6 1.8 0 0 0
31 0 1 0 0 0 5.8 2.9 0 0 0
32 0 1 0 0 0 1.6 0.8 0 0 0
33 0 1 0 0 0 3.8 1.9 0 0 0
34 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 0 1 0 0 0 6 3 0 0 0
36 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
37 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 0 1 0 0 0 14 7 0 0 0
39 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
40 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
41 0 1 0 0 0 6.3 3 0 0 0
42 0 1 0 0 0 7.1 4.4 0 0 0
43 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0
44 0 1 0 0 0 12 1.8 0 0 0
45 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
46 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
47 0 1 0 0 0 29.7 11.6 0 0 0
48 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
49 0 1 0 0 0 18 8.5 0 0 0
50 0 1 0 0 0 21 10.5 0 0 0
51 0 1 0 0 0 18 5.3 0 0 0
52 0 1 0 0 0 4.9 2.2 0 0 0
53 0 1 0 0 0 20 10 0 0 0
54 0 1 0 0 0 4.1 1.4 0 0 0
55 0 1 0 0 0 6.8 3.4 0 0 0
56 0 1 0 0 0 7.6 2.2 0 0 0
57 0 1 0 0 0 6.7 2.0 0 0 0];
% Line code
% Bus bus R X 1/2 B = 1 for lines
% nl nr p.u. p.u. p.u. > 1 or < 1 tr. tap at bus nl
linedata=[1 2 0.0083 0.0280 0.0645 1
2 3 0.0298 0.0850 0.0409 1
3 4 0.0112 0.0366 0.0190 1
4 5 0.0625 0.1320 0.0129 1
4 6 0.0430 0.1480 0.0174 1
6 7 0.0200 0.1020 0.0138 1
6 8 0.0339 0.1730 0.0235 1
8 9 0.0099 0.0505 0.0274 1
9 10 0.0369 0.1679 0.0220 1
9 11 0.0258 0.0848 0.0109 1
9 12 0.0648 0.2950 0.0386 1
9 13 0.0481 0.1580 0.0203 1
13 14 0.0132 0.0434 0.0055 1
13 15 0.0269 0.0869 0.0115 1
1 15 0.0178 0.0910 0.0494 1
1 16 0.0454 0.2060 0.0273 1
1 17 0.0238 0.1080 0.0143 1
3 15 0.0162 0.0530 0.0272 1
4 18 0.0 0.5550 0.0 0.970
4 18 0.0 0.4300 0.0 0.978
5 6 0.0302 0.0641 0.0062 1
7 8 0.0139 0.0712 0.0097 1
10 12 0.0277 0.1262 0.0164 1
11 13 0.0223 0.0732 0.0094 1
12 13 0.0178 0.0580 0.0302 1
12 16 0.0180 0.0813 0.0108 1
12 17 0.0397 0.1790 0.0238 1
14 15 0.0171 0.0547 0.0074 1
18 19 0.4610 0.6850 0.0 1
19 20 0.2830 0.4340 0.0 1
21 20 0.0 0.7767 0.0 1.043
21 22 0.0736 0.1170 0.0 1
22 23 0.0099 0.0152 0.0 1
23 24 0.1660 0.2560 0.0042 1
24 25 0.0 1.1820 0.0 1
24 25 0.0 1.2300 0.0 1
24 26 0.0 0.0473 0.0 1.043
26 27 0.1650 0.2540 0.0 1
27 28 0.0618 0.0954 0.0 1
28 29 0.0418 0.0587 0.0 1
7 29 0.0 0.0648 0.0 0.967
25 30 0.1350 0.2020 0.0 1
30 31 0.3260 0.4970 0.0 1
31 32 0.5070 0.7550 0.0 1
32 33 0.0392 0.0360 0.0 1
34 32 0.0 0.9530 0.0 0.975
34 35 0.0520 0.0780 0.0016 1
35 36 0.0430 0.0537 0.0008 1
36 37 0.0290 0.0366 0.0 1
37 38 0.0651 0.1009 0.0010 1
37 39 0.0239 0.0379 0.0 1
36 40 0.0300 0.0466 0.0 1
22 38 0.0192 0.0295 0.0 1
11 41 0.0 0.7490 0.0 0.955
41 42 0.2070 0.3520 0.0 1
41 43 0.0 0.4120 0.0 1
38 44 0.0289 0.0585 0.0010 1
15 45 0.0 0.1042 0.0 0.955
14 46 0.0 0.0735 0.0 0.900
46 47 0.0230 0.0680 0.0016 1
47 48 0.0182 0.0233 0.0 1
48 49 0.0834 0.1290 0.0024 1
49 50 0.0801 0.1280 0.0 1
50 51 0.1386 0.2200 0.0 1
10 51 0.0 0.0712 0.0 0.930
13 49 0.0 0.1910 0.0 0.895
29 52 0.1442 0.1870 0.0 1
52 53 0.0762 0.0984 0.0 1
53 54 0.1878 0.2320 0.0 1
54 55 0.1732 0.2265 0.0 1
11 43 0.0 0.1530 0.0 0.958
44 45 0.0624 0.1242 0.0020 1
40 56 0.0 1.1950 0.0 0.958
56 41 0.5530 0.5490 0.0 1
56 42 0.2125 0.3540 0.0 1
39 57 0.0 1.3550 0.0 0.980
57 56 0.1740 0.2600 0.0 1
38 49 0.1150 0.1770 0.0015 1
38 48 0.0312 0.0482 0.0 1
9 55 0.0 0.1205 0.0 0.940];
LFYBUS
LFNEWTON
BUSOUT
% This program obtains th Bus Admittance Matrix for power flow solution
% Copyright (c) 1998 by H. Saadat
j=sqrt(-1); i = sqrt(-1);
nl = linedata(:,1); nr = linedata(:,2); R = linedata(:,3);
X = linedata(:,4); Bc = j*linedata(:,5); a = linedata(:, 6);
nbr=length(linedata(:,1)); nbus = max(max(nl), max(nr));
Z = R + j*X; y= ones(nbr,1)./Z; %branch admittance
for n = 1:nbr
if a(n) <= 0 a(n) = 1; else end
Ybus=zeros(nbus,nbus); % initialize Ybus to zero
% formation of the off diagonal elements
for k=1:nbr;
Ybus(nl(k),nr(k))=Ybus(nl(k),nr(k))-y(k)/a(k);
Ybus(nr(k),nl(k))=Ybus(nl(k),nr(k));
end
end
% formation of the diagonal elements
for n=1:nbus
for k=1:nbr
if nl(k)==n
Ybus(n,n) = Ybus(n,n)+y(k)/(a(k)^2) + Bc(k);
elseif nr(k)==n
Ybus(n,n) = Ybus(n,n)+y(k) +Bc(k);
else, end
end
end
clear Pgg
% Power flow solution by Newton-Raphson method
% Copyright (c) 1998 by H. Saadat
ns=0; ng=0; Vm=0; delta=0; yload=0; deltad=0;
nbus = length(busdata(:,1));
for k=1:nbus
n=busdata(k,1);
kb(n)=busdata(k,2); Vm(n)=busdata(k,3); delta(n)=busdata(k, 4);
Pd(n)=busdata(k,5); Qd(n)=busdata(k,6); Pg(n)=busdata(k,7); Qg(n) = busdata(k,8);
Qmin(n)=busdata(k, 9); Qmax(n)=busdata(k, 10);
Qsh(n)=busdata(k, 11);
if Vm(n) <= 0 Vm(n) = 1.0; V(n) = 1 + j*0;
else delta(n) = pi/180*delta(n);
V(n) = Vm(n)*(cos(delta(n)) + j*sin(delta(n)));
P(n)=(Pg(n)-Pd(n))/basemva;
Q(n)=(Qg(n)-Qd(n)+ Qsh(n))/basemva;
S(n) = P(n) + j*Q(n);
end
end
for k=1:nbus
if kb(k) == 1, ns = ns+1; else, end
if kb(k) == 2 ng = ng+1; else, end
ngs(k) = ng;
nss(k) = ns;
end
Ym=abs(Ybus); t = angle(Ybus);
m=2*nbus-ng-2*ns;
maxerror = 1; converge=1;
iter = 0;
% Start of iterations
clear A DC J DX
while maxerror >= accuracy & iter <= maxiter % Test for max. power mismatch
for i=1:m
for k=1:m
A(i,k)=0; %Initializing Jacobian matrix
end, end
iter = iter+1;
for n=1:nbus
nn=n-nss(n);
lm=nbus+n-ngs(n)-nss(n)-ns;
J11=0; J22=0; J33=0; J44=0;
for i=1:nbr
if nl(i) == n | nr(i) == n
if nl(i) == n, l = nr(i); end
if nr(i) == n, l = nl(i); end
J11=J11+ Vm(n)*Vm(l)*Ym(n,l)*sin(t(n,l)- delta(n) + delta(l));
J33=J33+ Vm(n)*Vm(l)*Ym(n,l)*cos(t(n,l)- delta(n) + delta(l));
if kb(n)~=1
J22=J22+ Vm(l)*Ym(n,l)*cos(t(n,l)- delta(n) + delta(l));
J44=J44+ Vm(l)*Ym(n,l)*sin(t(n,l)- delta(n) + delta(l));
else, end
if kb(n) ~= 1 & kb(l) ~=1
lk = nbus+l-ngs(l)-nss(l)-ns;
ll = l -nss(l);
% off diagonalelements of J1
A(nn, ll) =-Vm(n)*Vm(l)*Ym(n,l)*sin(t(n,l)- delta(n) + delta(l));
if kb(l) == 0 % off diagonal elements of J2
A(nn, lk) =Vm(n)*Ym(n,l)*cos(t(n,l)- delta(n) + delta(l));end
if kb(n) == 0 % off diagonal elements of J3
A(lm, ll) =-Vm(n)*Vm(l)*Ym(n,l)*cos(t(n,l)- delta(n)+delta(l)); end
if kb(n) == 0 & kb(l) == 0 % off diagonal elements of J4
A(lm, lk) =-Vm(n)*Ym(n,l)*sin(t(n,l)- delta(n) + delta(l));end
else end
else , end
end
Pk = Vm(n)^2*Ym(n,n)*cos(t(n,n))+J33;
Qk = -Vm(n)^2*Ym(n,n)*sin(t(n,n))-J11;
if kb(n) == 1 P(n)=Pk; Q(n) = Qk; end % Swing bus P
if kb(n) == 2 Q(n)=Qk;
if Qmax(n) ~= 0
Qgc = Q(n)*basemva + Qd(n) - Qsh(n);
if iter <= 7 % Between the 2th & 6th iterations
if iter > 2 % the Mvar of generator buses are
if Qgc < Qmin(n), % tested. If not within limits Vm(n)
Vm(n) = Vm(n) + 0.01; % is changed in steps of 0.01 pu to
elseif Qgc > Qmax(n), % bring the generator Mvar within
Vm(n) = Vm(n) - 0.01;end % the specified limits.
else, end
else,end
else,end
end
if kb(n) ~= 1
A(nn,nn) = J11; %diagonal elements of J1
DC(nn) = P(n)-Pk;
end
if kb(n) == 0
A(nn,lm) = 2*Vm(n)*Ym(n,n)*cos(t(n,n))+J22; %diagonal elements of J2
A(lm,nn)= J33; %diagonal elements of J3
A(lm,lm) =-2*Vm(n)*Ym(n,n)*sin(t(n,n))-J44; %diagonal of elements of J4
DC(lm) = Q(n)-Qk;
end
end
%DX=A\DC';
DX=(inv(A))*DC';
for n=1:nbus
nn=n-nss(n);
lm=nbus+n-ngs(n)-nss(n)-ns;
if kb(n) ~= 1
delta(n) = delta(n)+DX(nn); end
if kb(n) == 0
Vm(n)=Vm(n)+DX(lm); end
end
maxerror=max(abs(DC));
if iter == maxiter & maxerror > accuracy
fprintf('\nWARNING: Iterative solution did not converged after ')
fprintf('%g', iter), fprintf(' iterations.\n\n')
fprintf('Press Enter to terminate the iterations and print the results \n')
converge = 0; pause, else, end
end
if converge ~= 1
tech= (' ITERATIVE SOLUTION DID NOT CONVERGE'); else,
tech=(' Power Flow Solution by Newton-Raphson Method');
end
V = Vm.*cos(delta)+j*Vm.*sin(delta);
deltad=180/pi*delta;
i=sqrt(-1);
k=0;
for n = 1:nbus
if kb(n) == 1
k=k+1;
S(n)= P(n)+j*Q(n);
Pg(n) = P(n)*basemva + Pd(n);
Qg(n) = Q(n)*basemva + Qd(n) - Qsh(n);
Pgg(k)=Pg(n);
Qgg(k)=Qg(n); %june 97
elseif kb(n) ==2
k=k+1;
S(n)=P(n)+j*Q(n);
Qg(n) = Q(n)*basemva + Qd(n) - Qsh(n);
Pgg(k)=Pg(n);
Qgg(k)=Qg(n); % June 1997
end
yload(n) = (Pd(n)- j*Qd(n)+j*Qsh(n))/(basemva*Vm(n)^2);
end
busdata(:,3)=Vm'; busdata(:,4)=deltad';
Pgt = sum(Pg); Qgt = sum(Qg); Pdt = sum(Pd); Qdt = sum(Qd); Qsht = sum(Qsh);
%clear A DC DX J11 J22 J33 J44 Qk delta lk ll lm
%clear A DC DX J11 J22 J33 Qk delta lk ll lm
% This program prints the power flow solution in a tabulated form
% on the screen.
%
% Copyright (C) 1998 by H. Saadat.
%clc
disp(tech)
fprintf(' Maximum Power Mismatch = %g \n', maxerror)
fprintf(' No. of Iterations = %g \n\n', iter)
head =[' Bus Voltage Angle ------Load------ ---Generation--- Injected'
' No. Mag. Degree MW Mvar MW Mvar Mvar '
' '];
disp(head)
for n=1:nbus
fprintf(' %5g', n), fprintf(' %7.3f', Vm(n)),
fprintf(' %8.3f', deltad(n)), fprintf(' %9.3f', Pd(n)),
fprintf(' %9.3f', Qd(n)), fprintf(' %9.3f', Pg(n)),
fprintf(' %9.3f ', Qg(n)), fprintf(' %8.3f\n', Qsh(n))
end
fprintf(' \n'), fprintf(' Total ')
fprintf(' %9.3f', Pdt), fprintf(' %9.3f', Qdt),
fprintf(' %9.3f', Pgt), fprintf(' %9.3f', Qgt), fprintf(' %9.3f\n\n', Qsht)
  2 件のコメント
taleb nawal
taleb nawal 2020 年 7 月 28 日
hello .
how to down the IEEE -118 bus ? please

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回答 (4 件)

Ahmed Sami
Ahmed Sami 2018 年 1 月 29 日
i'm also interested to know the reason i have the same problem with ieee57 and ieee118.
  3 件のコメント
1 件の古いコメントを表示
AHMED SISTA SOFIANE
AHMED SISTA SOFIANE 2018 年 9 月 27 日
Hi, i have this problem with 39 Bus did you find the answer how to solved Thank you
Iseoluwa Oyedotun
Iseoluwa Oyedotun 2021 年 10 月 8 日
I'm having a similar issue with the IEEE 30 bus not coverging after 100 iterations

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Ahmed Sami
Ahmed Sami 2019 年 11 月 10 日
did you find the answer i have the same problem with ieee 14 bus. how to solve? Thank you
kukuh widarsono
kukuh widarsono 2022 年 3 月 24 日
maybe you can increase the generator capacity...
salah Mokred
salah Mokred 2022 年 6 月 18 日
編集済み: salah Mokred 2023 年 3 月 10 日
This is happened due to the following reasons:
1- You add the loads in the columns of generators and the generators in the columns of load.
2- You should increase the maxiter to 10000 and supposed accel = 1.8.
3- There are some of parallel lines in IEEE57 bus.
You should also see if those data are correct or not by comparing the data with references from the SCI articles.
  1 件のコメント
SURAJ KUMAR
SURAJ KUMAR 2023 年 6 月 11 日
There are some of parallel lines in IEEE57 bus but print branch power flow only 78 line power finding but two parallel line data not coming 4-18 and 24-25? how solve this probleam..

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