Numeric integration with two variable

Hello all ,

I have a function which depends on two variables z and t. z is a vector. I want to integrate the function over t but i need to find a matrix dependent to the z value. For this i wrote the code given below. But i could not get answer. I am getting either 0 matrix or single value as a result of integration. How can i integrate the function only for t and evalute the date for z values?

I tried trapz and integrate function but i failed. Please help

Vb=0.228;
dz = 2e-11;              
Ltot = 20e-9;
z=-Ltot/2:dz:Ltot/2;
L = 10e-9; 
a=2e-9; 
alfa = 10e-9; omega=1e-21; t0=0; ts=2*pi/omega; t=(t0:(ts-t0)/(length(z)-1):ts);

V0 = abs(Vb./pi.*(heaviside(alfa-z-L/2) + heaviside(alfa+z-L/2)));

z = @(z,t) (z + alfa*sin(omega*t));

V0 = integral(V0,t0,ts) or % V0 = trapz(V0,[t0,ts]);

Invalid expression. Check for missing multiplication operator, missing or unbalanced delimiters, or other syntax error. To construct matrices, use brackets instead of parentheses.

%%%% i need a z dependent V0 value %%%%%%%%%%%%%

Answer 1

[Walter Roberson]

The first parameter to integral() must be a function handle. You are passing in V0 as the first parameter, but V0 appears to be a vector of values.

The second parameter to integral() must be a scalar numeric value, which is indeed true for the t0 you pass in.

The third parameter to integral() must be a scalar numeric value, which is indeed true for the ts you pass in.

You construct a function handle, z, but you do not do anything with it.

When you have a numeric function of several variables, it is not possible to integrate it with respect to fewer variables than it is defined over.

If you were using symbolic functions, then it would be possible to integrate it with respect to fewer variables.

When you have two independent variables, and you want to do numeric integration over a grid of values defined by the independent variables, then you should evaluate the function over the grid of values, and then use trapz() one or more times.

For example,

Vb=0.228;
dz = 2e-11;              
Ltot = 20e-9;
z=-Ltot/2:dz:Ltot/2;
L = 10e-9; 
a=2e-9; 
alfa = 10e-9; omega=1e-21; t0=0; ts=2*pi/omega; t=(t0:(ts-t0)/(length(z)-1):ts);

Z = @(z,t) (z + alfa*sin(omega*t));
G = Z(z.', t);

surf(z, t, G, 'edgecolor', 'none')

size(G)

ans = 1×2

1001 1001

volume = trapz(z, trapz(t, G, 2), 1)

volume = 1.6371e-11

You should double-check the order of trapz() and dimensions. If you were to make your t and z different lengths, then it would be easier to do, as then you would have the cross-checking of array sizes as a guide.

[Özgür Alaydin]

If i run the code as you suggest, it is working but when i insert V0 value it is not and i am getting error: Operator '-' is not supported for operands of type 'function_handle'.

I need V1 value depending on z after inserting V0 into the equation.

[Özgür Alaydin]

I have updated the code a bit but still i have problem.

Can you check it now why i am getting error.

Vb=0.228;
Ltot=40e-9; a=5e-9; n=20; q=20; k=20; l=20;
z=-Ltot/2:dz:Ltot/2;
delta = n/q; beta = k/l; L = 10e-9;
alfa=5e-9; w=1E+14; T=2*pi/w;  %100 THz frekans
t= 0:T/(length(z)-1):T;

z =@(z,t) (z + alfa.*sin(w.*t));

Vb =@(z,t) ((z<-Ltot/4).*delta*Vb.*sqrt(1i.^2.*(z+Ltot/4)./Ltot)...
    + (z>-Ltot/4).*beta*Vb.*sqrt((z+Ltot/4)./Ltot)...
    +(z>0).*(delta*Vb.*sqrt(1i.^2.*(z-Ltot/4)./Ltot)-(Vb/4)));

V0 = (1/T).*integral(Vb,0,t)

[Özgür Alaydin]

dz= 1E-10