Error in Image Embedding....

Hello i am trying to run following code...

i=imread('lena.tif');
s=double(i);
j=imread('watermark.bmp');
w=double(j);
[m,n]=size(s);
[g,h]=size(w);

x=dec2bin(s,8);      % decimal to binary transformation
y=double(x);
y=y-48;
plane=cell(1,8);
for r=1:8
    plane{r}=y(:,r);
end
for r=1:8
    planes{r}=reshape(plane{r},m,n);
end

but i am getting error as follows: ??? Operands to the and && operators must be convertible to logical scalar values.

Error in ==> dec2bin at 31 if any(d < 0) any(~isfinite(d))

Error in ==> Un2 at 13 x=dec2bin(s,8); % decimal to binary transformation

my image size is 512*512 ans watermark size is 64*64.. any one would like to suggest me how can i debug it...thnax and regards....

[David Young]

Please could you edit your question and use the code formatting button so that the code is readable. (Alternatively, indent each line of code by two spaces.)

Also, it would be useful to know whether my previous answers (on log-polar transforms) had helped you - you haven't accepted them (or any other answers) but you haven't said that they didn't help either. It takes time to give an answer, so it's good to acknowledge good ones - it just takes one click.

[amitesh kumar]

sorry sir..from now onwards i'll keep this in mind. one thing i would like to say that ur previous answer regarding log-polar help me a lot regarding getting idea about it. thanx a lot....

[David Young]

Thanks!

David

Answer 1

[Walter Roberson]

dec2bin() is not documented as accepting anything other than a scalar.

In practice, dec2bin() accepts a vector, but it does not accept an array of 2 or more dimensions. Thus:

dec2bin(s(:),8)

Answer 2

[amitesh kumar]

Thnx sir for ur answer.

w(m,n)=0;
planes{8}=ones(m,n);
planes{8}= and(planes{8},w);    % Adding the WaterMark

for r=1:8
    frames(:,:,1,r)=planes{r};
end
iy=zeros(m*n,8);
for r=1:8
    iplanes{r}=reshape(planes{r},(m*n),1);
    iy(:,r)=iplanes{r}(:,1);
end

if i am trying to execute further after modifying as u previouly suggested me ,it's showing another error as

      ??? Attempt to grow array along ambiguous dimension.
      Error in ==> Un2 at 24
      w(m,n)=0;

here i tried also by changing the w(m,n)as w(g,h) but in this case it is showing error as

??? Error using ==> and
Inputs must have the same size.

Error in ==> Un2 at 26
planes{8}= and(planes{8},w);    % Adding the WaterMark

so sir i would again expect ur suggestion regarding this error

thanx and regards....

[Walter Roberson]

Using w(m,n) = 0 could result in "Attempt to grow array along ambiguous dimension" if w (your watermark image) was 3 dimensional, such as would be the case if it is an RGB image. You need to test for that case and figure out what you want to do if it happens.

Answer 3

[amitesh kumar]

thnku so much Walter...got executed prog successfully...i am getting original image, watermark image in perfect manner ..but the final image as figure 3 is not coming as embedded one. as it coming in improper manner. showing some blur effect.this is the further code which i am using in continuation with above mentioned code...everything working fine just i am getting embedded image not in a proper way.

iy1=zeros(1,m*n);
for L=1:m*n
    for r=1:8
        iy1(L)=iy1(L)+iy(L,9-r)*(2^(r-1));
    end
end

s_plus_w=reshape(iy1,m,n);
s_plus_w=uint8(s_plus_w);
imwrite(s_plus_w,'img.tif');
imshow('img.tif');
figure,imshow(j)
figure,montage(frames)

and again thnku so much for giving me ur precious time to sort out my doubts.

[Walter Roberson]

I'll need to see the full corrected code, not just the additional steps.

[amitesh kumar]

Here i am giving the full corrected code...

i=imread('lena.tif');

s=double(i);

j=imread('watermark.bmp');

w1 = rgb2gray(j);

w=double(w1);

[m,n]=size(s);

[g,h]=size(w);

x=dec2bin(s(:),8); % decimal to binary transformation

y=double(x);

y=y-48;

plane=cell(1,8);

for r=1:8

plane{r}=y(:,r);

end

for r=1:8

planes{r}=reshape(plane{r},m,n);

end

w(m,n)=0;

planes{8}=ones(m,n);

planes{8}= and(planes{8},w); % Adding the WaterMark

for r=1:8

frames(:,:,1,r)=planes{r};

end

iy=zeros(m*n,8);

for r=1:8

iplanes{r}=reshape(planes{r},(m*n),1);

iy(:,r)=iplanes{r}(:,1);

end

iy1=zeros(1,m*n);

for L=1:m*n

for r=1:8

iy1(L)=iy1(L)+iy(L,9-r)*(2^(r-1));

end

end

s_plus_w=reshape(iy1,m,n);

s_plus_w=uint8(s_plus_w);

imwrite(s_plus_w,'img.tif');

imshow('img.tif');

figure,imshow(j)

figure,montage(frames)