Battery Coolant Control
Libraries:
Simscape /
Battery /
BMS /
Thermal Management
Description
The Battery Coolant Control block implements a battery coolant control algorithm.
Temperature is crucial in batteries because high temperatures significantly decrease the battery life. It is import to keep the temperature of each cell of the battery under control and activate heaters or coolers to keep the temperature within safe limits. If the temperature is too high, the battery management system (BMS) enables a cooling fan.
This block supports single-precision and double-precision floating-point simulation.
Note
To enable single-precision floating-point simulation, the data type of all inputs and
parameters must be single.
This diagram shows the structure of the block:
Equations
The Battery Coolant Control block uses this equation to compute the flow temperature:
where Tamb is the ambient temperature and Tcool is the coolant temperature.
If the value at the FlowRateCommand output port is equal to
0, there is no flow in the battery. If this value is equal to
1, then the flow rate in the battery takes its highest
possible value.
If you set the Control strategy parameter to
ON-OFF control, the block uses this equation to
calculate the flow rate command:
where
Thottest is the temperature of the hottest cell.
Ton is the switch-on temperature.
Toff is the switch-off temperature, which must be less than Ton.
FlowRateCommandold is the flow rate command at the previous time step.
If you set the Control strategy parameter to Step
control, the block uses these equations to calculate the flow rate command:
where
Tcoolest is the temperature of the coolest cell.
step is the flow rate step command. For example, if step = 0.2, the value at the FlowRateCommand output port is one of these values: [0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1].
c controls how aggressive the coolant strategy is. This value is a constant such that, if f(ΔT)≥ 1, the value at the FlowRateCommand output port is equal to 1. Otherwise, the block scales the flow rate command linearly to
0.
The step control strategy allows intermediate flow commands with the value you specify for the Flow rate step parameter. To compute the actual command, the block uses a function of the temperature gradient.
Examples
Charge and Discharge Module Assembly with Coolant Control
Perform a charging and discharging cycle on a battery module assembly while monitoring the cell temperature and enabling cooling.
Ports
Input
Output
Parameters
Since R2025a
Option to specify the value at the CellTemperature input port as a vector of minimum and maximum values. If you clear this parameter, you must specify an individual value for the CellTemperature input port. The block then calculates the minimum and maximum values internally.
Control strategy for the calculation of the flow rate command.
Temperature at which the coolant pump switches on. The value of this parameter must be greater than or equal to the value of the Switch-off temperature parameter.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set Control strategy to
ON-OFF control.
Temperature at which the coolant pump switches off.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set Control strategy to
ON-OFF control.
Constant that controls how aggressive the coolant strategy is.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set Control strategy to
Step control.
Step value used in the calculation of the flow rate command. The value of
this parameter must be less than or equal to 1.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set Control strategy to
Step control.
Since R2025a
Option to choose the data type for the block algorithm, specified as one of these values:
Inherit: auto— You can simulate the block in bothsingleanddoubleprecision. You must explicitly provide the inputs and parameters as eithersingleordouble.double— The block algorithm casts all inputs and parameters todoubledata type.single— The block algorithm casts all inputs and parameters tosingledata type.<data type expression>— The block algorithm casts all inputs and parameters to the data type object you specify.
Click the Show data type assistant button 
to display the Data Type Assistant, which helps you set the data type attributes. For more information, see Specify Data Types Using Data Type Assistant and Control Data Types of Signals.
