Datasheet Battery

Lithium-ion, lithium-polymer, or lead-acid battery

Libraries:
Powertrain Blockset / Energy Storage and Auxiliary Drive / Datasheet Battery

Description

The Datasheet Battery block implements a lithium-ion, lithium-polymer, or lead-acid battery that you can parameterize using manufacturer data. To create the open-circuit voltage and internal resistance parameters that you need for the block, use the manufacturer discharge characteristics by temperature data. For an example, see Generate Parameter Data for Datasheet Battery Block.

To determine the battery output voltage, the block uses lookup tables for the battery open-circuit voltage and the internal resistance. The lookup tables are functions of the state-of charge (SOC) and battery temperature, characterizing the battery performance at various operating points:

$\begin{array}{l} E_{m} = f (S O C) \\ R_{i n t} = f (T, S O C) \end{array}$

To calculate the voltage, the block implements these equations.

$\begin{array}{l} V_{T} = E_{m} - I_{b a t t} R_{i n t} \\ I_{b a t t} = \frac{I_{i n}}{N_{p}} \\ V_{o u t} = {\begin{matrix} N_{s} V_{T} unfiltered \\ \frac{V_{o u t}}{τ s + 1} filtered \end{matrix} \\ S O C = S O C_{o} - \frac{1}{C a p_{b a t t}} \int_{0}^{t} I_{b a t t} d t \\ L d_{A m p H r} = \int_{0}^{t} I_{b a t t} d t \end{array}$

Positive current indicates battery discharge. Negative current indicates battery charge.

Power Accounting

For the power accounting, the block implements these equations.

Bus Signal Description Equations

Bus Signal	Description	Equations
`PwrInfo`	`PwrTrnsfrd` — Power transferred between blocks Positive signals indicate flow into block Negative signals indicate flow out of block	`PwrLdBatt`	Battery network power	$\begin{array}{l} V_{b a t t} = V_{o u t} OR \frac{V_{o u t}}{τ s + 1} \\ P_{b a t t} = - V_{b a t t} I_{b a t t} \\ P_{L d B a t t} = - P_{b a t t} \end{array}$
`PwrNotTrnsfrd` — Power crossing the block boundary, but not transferred Positive signals indicate an input Negative signals indicate a loss	`PwrLossBatt`	Battery network power loss	$P_{L o s s B a t t} = - N_{p} N_{s} I_{b a t t}^{2} R_{i n t}$
`PwrStored` — Stored energy rate of change Positive signals indicate an increase Negative signals indicate a decrease	`PwrStoredBatt`	Battery network power stored	$P_{S t o r e d B a t t} = P_{B a t t} + P_{L o s s B a t t}$

PwrInfo

PwrTrnsfrd — Power transferred between blocks

Positive signals indicate flow into block
Negative signals indicate flow out of block

PwrLdBatt

Battery network power

$\begin{array}{l} V_{b a t t} = V_{o u t} OR \frac{V_{o u t}}{τ s + 1} \\ P_{b a t t} = - V_{b a t t} I_{b a t t} \\ P_{L d B a t t} = - P_{b a t t} \end{array}$

PwrNotTrnsfrd — Power crossing the block boundary, but not transferred

Positive signals indicate an input
Negative signals indicate a loss

PwrLossBatt

Battery network power loss

$P_{L o s s B a t t} = - N_{p} N_{s} I_{b a t t}^{2} R_{i n t}$

PwrStored — Stored energy rate of change

Positive signals indicate an increase
Negative signals indicate a decrease

PwrStoredBatt

Battery network power stored

$P_{S t o r e d B a t t} = P_{B a t t} + P_{L o s s B a t t}$

The equations use these variables.

SOC	State-of-charge
SOC_o	Initial state-of-charge
E_m	Battery open-circuit voltage
I_batt	Per module battery current
P_LdBatt	Battery network power
P_batt	Battery power
P_LossBatt	Battery network power loss
P_StoredBatt	Battery network power stored
I_in	Combined current flowing from the battery network
R_int	Battery internal resistance
N_s	Number of cells in series
N_p	Number of cells in parallel
V_out, V_batt	Combined voltage of the battery network
V_T	Per module battery voltage
Cap_batt	Battery capacity
Ld_AmpHr	Battery energy

Examples

Build Full Electric Vehicle Model

Build a vehicle with a motor-generator, battery, direct-drive transmission, and powertrain control algorithms using the electric vehicle (EV) reference application.

Ports

Inputs

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CapInit — Battery capacity
`scalar`

Rated battery capacity at the nominal temperature, Cap_batt, in Ah.

Dependencies

To create this port, select External Input for the Initial battery capacity parameter.

BattCurr — Battery load current
`scalar`

Combined current flowing from the battery network, I_in, in A.

BattTemp — Battery temperature
`scalar`

Temperature measured at the battery housing, T, in K.

Output

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Info — Bus signal
bus

Bus signal containing these block calculations.

Signal			Description	Variable	Units
`BattCurr`			Combined current flowing from the battery network	I_batt	A
`BattAmpHr`			Battery energy	Ld_AmpHr	A*h
`BattSoc`			State-of-charge capacity	SOC	NA
`BattVolt`			Combined voltage of the battery network	V_out	V
`BattPwr`			Battery network power	P_batt	W
`PwrInfo`	`PwrTrnsfrd`	`PwrLdBatt`	Battery network power	P_LdBatt	W
	`PwrNotTrnsfrd`	`PwrLossBatt`	Battery network power loss	P_LossBatt	W
	`PwrStored`	`PwrStoredBatt`	Battery network power stored	P_StoredBatt	W

BattVolt — Battery output voltage
`scalar`

Combined voltage of the battery network, V_out, in V.

Parameters

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Block Options

Initial battery capacity — Input or parameter
`Parameter` (default) | `External Input`

Initial battery capacity, Cap_batt, in Ah.

Dependencies

Block Parameter Initial battery capacity Option	Creates
`External Input`	Input port `CapInit`
`Parameter`	Parameter Initial battery capacity, BattCapInit

Output battery voltage — Unfiltered or Filter
`Unfiltered` (default) | `Filtered`

Select Filtered to apply a first-order filter to the output batter voltage.

Dependencies

Setting Output battery voltage parameter to Filtered creates these parameters:

Output battery voltage time constant, Tc
Output battery voltage initial value, Vinit

Rated capacity at nominal temperature, BattChargeMax — Constant
`100` (default) | `scalar`

Rated battery capacity at the nominal temperature, in Ah.

Open circuit voltage table data, Em — 1-D lookup table
`1`-by-`P` matrix

Open-circuit voltage data curve, E_m, as a function of the discharged capacity for P operating points, in V.

Open circuit voltage breakpoints 1, CapLUTBp — Breakpoints
`1`-by-`P` matrix

Discharge capacity breakpoints for P operating points, dimensionless.

Although this parameter is the same as the Battery capacity breakpoints 2, CapSOCBp parameter, the block uses unique parameters for calibration flexibility.

Internal resistance table data, RInt — 2-D lookup table
`N`-by-`M` matrix

Internal resistance map, R_int, as a function of N temperatures and M SOCs, in ohms.

Battery temperature breakpoints 1, BattTempBp — Breakpoints
`[243.1 253.1 263.1 273.1 283.1 298.1 313.1]` (default) | `1`-by-`N` matrix

Battery temperature breakpoints for N temperatures, in K.

Battery capacity breakpoints 2, CapSOCBp — Breakpoints
`[0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1]` (default) | `1`-by-`M` matrix

Battery capacity breakpoints for M SOCs, dimensionless.

Although this parameter is the same as the Open circuit voltage breakpoints 1, CapLUTBp parameter, the block uses unique parameters for calibration flexibility.

Number of cells in series, Ns — Integer
`1` (default) | `scalar`

Number of cells in series, dimensionless, N_s.

Number of cells in parallel, Np — Integer
`1` (default) | `scalar`

Number of cells in parallel, dimensionless, N_p.

Initial battery capacity, BattCapInit — Capacity
`100` (default) | `scalar`

Initial battery capacity, Cap_batt, in Ah.

Dependencies

Block Parameter Initial battery capacity Option	Creates
`External Input`	Input port `CapInit`
`Parameter`	Parameter Initial battery capacity, BattCapInit

Output battery voltage time constant, Tc — Filter time constant
`1/1000` (default) | `scalar`

Output battery voltage time constant, T_c, in s. Used in a first-order voltage filter.

Dependencies

Setting Output battery voltage parameter to Filtered creates these parameters:

Output battery voltage time constant, Tc
Output battery voltage initial value, Vinit

Output battery voltage initial value, Vinit — Filter initial voltage
`4.221` (default) | `scalar`

Output battery voltage initial value, V_init, in V. Used in a first-order voltage filter.

Dependencies

Setting Output battery voltage parameter to Filtered creates these parameters:

Output battery voltage time constant, Tc
Output battery voltage initial value, Vinit

References

[1] Arrhenius, S.A. “Über die Dissociationswärme und den Einflusß der Temperatur auf den Dissociationsgrad der Elektrolyte.” Journal of Physical Chemistry. 4 (1889): 96–116.

[2] Connors, K. Chemical Kinetics. New York: VCH Publishers, 1990.

[3] Ji, Yan, Yancheng Zhang, and Chao-Yang Wang. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. Volume 160, Issue 4 (2013), A636-A649.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

Version History

Introduced in R2017a

Datasheet Battery