メインコンテンツ

PCB スタックを使用したマイクロストリップ パッチ アンテナの設計バリエーション

pcbstack を使用して、基本パッチ アンテナ、寄生パッチ アンテナ、直接結合パッチ アンテナ、CP パッチ アンテナを設計します。

パラメーターを設定します。

vp = physconst("lightspeed");
f = 850e6;
lambda = vp./f;

基本パッチ アンテナの設計

パッチおよびグランドプレーンの長さと幅を設定します。

Lp = lambda(1)/2;
Wp = lambda(1)/2;
Lgp = 0.75.*lambda(1);
Wgp = 0.75.*lambda(1);
h = 2.e-3; 
p1 = antenna.Rectangle(Length=Lp, Width=Wp, NumPoints=30);
p2 = antenna.Rectangle(Length=Lgp, Width=Wgp);
d1 = dielectric("Air");

PCB スタックのプロパティを定義します。

basicPatch = pcbStack;
basicPatch.Name = "Basic Patch";
basicPatch.BoardThickness = h;
d1.Thickness = h;
basicPatch.BoardShape = p2;
basicPatch.Layers = {p1,d1,p2};
basicPatch.FeedLocations = [-lambda(1)/8 0 1 3];
figure
show(basicPatch)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title pcbStack antenna element, xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 7 objects of type patch, surface. These objects represent PEC, feed.

基本パッチ アンテナのインピーダンスをプロットします。

freq1 = linspace(f(1)-0.05*f(1),f(1) + 0.05*f(1),51);
figure
impedance(basicPatch,freq1)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title Impedance, xlabel Frequency (MHz), ylabel Impedance (ohms) contains 2 objects of type line. These objects represent Resistance, Reactance.

基本パッチ アンテナの放射パターンをプロットします。

figure
pattern(basicPatch,f(1))

Figure contains 2 axes objects and other objects of type uicontrol. Axes object 1 contains 7 objects of type patch, surface. Hidden axes object 2 contains 19 objects of type surface, line, text, patch.

寄生パッチ アンテナの設計

パッチの寸法を設定します。

L = 0.15;
W = 1.5*L;
stripL = L;
gapx = 0.015;
gapy = 0.01;
r1 = antenna.Rectangle(Center=[0 0], Length=L, Width=W);
r2 = antenna.Rectangle(Center=[L/2+stripL/2+gapx 0], Length=stripL,...
    Width=W, NumPoints=[2 20 2 20]);
r3 = antenna.Rectangle(Center=[-L/2-stripL/2-gapx 0], Length=stripL,...
    Width=W, NumPoints=[2 20 2 20]);
r = r1 + r2 + r3; 
figure
show(r)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 2 objects of type patch. These objects represent PEC, mypolygon.

グランドプレーンの寸法を設定します。

Lgp = 0.55;
Wgp = 0.4;
g1  = antenna.Rectangle(Center=[0 0], Length=Lgp, Width=Wgp);

PCB スタックのプロパティを定義します。中央の放射体に給電して PCB スタックを作成します。

parasitic_patch = pcbStack;
parasitic_patch.BoardShape = g1;
parasitic_patch.BoardThickness = 0.007;
parasitic_patch.Layers = {r,g1};
parasitic_patch.FeedLocations = [(L)/4 0 1 2];
figure
show(parasitic_patch)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title pcbStack antenna element, xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 7 objects of type patch, surface. These objects represent PEC, feed.

寄生パッチ アンテナの S パラメーターをプロットします。

s = sparameters(parasitic_patch,linspace(0.8e9,1e9,11));
figure
rfplot(s)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with xlabel Frequency (GHz), ylabel Magnitude (dB) contains an object of type line. This object represents dB(S_{11}).

寄生パッチ アンテナの放射パターンをプロットします。

figure
pattern(parasitic_patch,0.896e9)

Figure contains 2 axes objects and other objects of type uicontrol. Axes object 1 contains 7 objects of type patch, surface. Hidden axes object 2 contains 19 objects of type surface, line, text, patch.

直接結合パッチ アンテナの設計

r2 = copy(r1);
r2.Center = [lambda/1.25 0];
r3 = copy(r1);
r3.Center = [-lambda/1.25 0];
r = r1+ r2 + r3;
figure
show(r)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 2 objects of type patch. These objects represent PEC, mypolygon.

セクションをストリップ接合します。

r4 = antenna.Rectangle(Length=0.65*lambda, Width=0.02*lambda,...
    Center=[lambda/2 0], NumPoints=[20 2 20 2]);
r5 = copy(r4);
r5.Center = [-lambda/2 0];
s = r + r4 + r5;
figure
show(s)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 2 objects of type patch. These objects represent PEC, mypolygon.

PCB スタックのプロパティを定義します。

g1.Length = 0.8;
series_patch = pcbStack;
series_patch.BoardShape = g1;
series_patch.Layers = {s,g1};
series_patch.FeedLocations = [L/4 0 1 2];
figure
show(series_patch)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title pcbStack antenna element, xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 7 objects of type patch, surface. These objects represent PEC, feed.

直接結合パッチ アンテナの 1 GHz における放射パターンをプロットします。

figure
pattern(series_patch,1e9)

Figure contains 2 axes objects and other objects of type uicontrol. Axes object 1 contains 7 objects of type patch, surface. Hidden axes object 2 contains 19 objects of type surface, line, text, patch.

最大エッジ長 0.03 m を使用してアンテナをメッシュ化します。

figure
mesh(series_patch, MaxEdgeLength=0.03)

Figure contains an axes object and an object of type uicontrol. The axes object with title Metal mesh, xlabel x (m), ylabel y (m) contains 2 objects of type patch, surface. These objects represent PEC, feed.

0.8 GHz から 1.2 GHz の周波数範囲における直接結合パッチ アンテナのインピーダンスをプロットします。

figure
impedance(series_patch,linspace(0.8e9,1.2e9,81))

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title Impedance, xlabel Frequency (GHz), ylabel Impedance (ohms) contains 2 objects of type line. These objects represent Resistance, Reactance.

円偏波パッチの設計 - 角の切り欠き

パッチおよびグランドプレーンの長さと幅を設定します。

Lp = lambda(1)/2;
Wp = lambda(1)/2;
Lgp = 0.75.*lambda(1);
Wgp = 0.75.*lambda(1);
h = 2.e-3;

パッチの基本形状を作成します。

p1 = antenna.Rectangle(Length=Lp, Width=Wp, NumPoints=20);

矩形の角に切り欠きを設けます。

Lcorner = 0.25*Lp;
Wcorner = 0.25*Wp;
cornerCenter1 = [-Lp/2,Wp/2 0];
cornerCenter2 = [Lp/2,-Wp/2 0];
pcorner1 = antenna.Rectangle(Length=Lcorner, Width=Wcorner);
pcorner1 = rotateZ(pcorner1,45);
pcorner1 = translate(pcorner1,cornerCenter1);
pcorner2 = antenna.Rectangle(Length=Lcorner, Width=Wcorner);
pcorner2 = rotateZ(pcorner2,45);
pcorner2 = translate(pcorner2,cornerCenter2);
pradiator = p1 - pcorner1 - pcorner2;

グランドプレーンの形状を作成します。

p2 = antenna.Rectangle(Length=Lgp, Width=Wgp);

誘電体層を定義します。

d1 = dielectric("Air");

円偏波パッチ用の PCB スタックのプロパティを定義します。

truncatedCornerPatch = pcbStack;
truncatedCornerPatch.Name = "Basic Patch";
truncatedCornerPatch.BoardThickness = h;
d1.Thickness = h;
truncatedCornerPatch.BoardShape = p2;
truncatedCornerPatch.Layers = {pradiator,d1,p2};
truncatedCornerPatch.FeedLocations = [-lambda(1)/8 0 1 3];
figure
show(truncatedCornerPatch)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title pcbStack antenna element, xlabel x (mm), ylabel y (mm) contains 7 objects of type patch, surface. These objects represent PEC, feed.

円偏波アンテナのインピーダンスをプロットします。

figure
impedance(truncatedCornerPatch,freq1)

Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with title Impedance, xlabel Frequency (MHz), ylabel Impedance (ohms) contains 2 objects of type line. These objects represent Resistance, Reactance.

参考